BROWN-THROATED MARTIN
Riparia paludicola
A: Afrikaanse Oewerswael
Common resident over water bodies throughout South Africa, bar the dry Karoo and Kgalagadi. Generally easy to ID with brown throat, white belly, and entirely brown upperparts. However, there is also an uncommon all dark morph. Best way to separate from similar Rock Martin is by forked tail and lack of white spots on the tail. Sand and Banded Martin have a white throat and brown breast band.